Here is a most interesting angle on Jacob and his Sons, taken from:
http://miriamhakedosha.blogspot.com/2008/03/sons-of-jacob-dna-and-jews.html
Studies in DNA have demonstrated that the Jewish people are of very diverse direct male line ancestry. The question thus arises what is the Y-DNA of Abraham’s descendants. Due to studies regarding the Cohanim many now suppose that the Y-DNA of the Israelites is from the J haplogroup due to the large percentages of the J Haplogroup found in the DNA of both Ashkenazi and Sephardi claimants to Cohen status. Some claimants to Davidic ancestry also belong to the J and G haplogroups. However I (through genealogical research into the Davidic Ancestry) believe that on the direct male line some of these Davidic families descend from Merwan ha Levi (J y-dna) and only on the female line from the Davidic lineage. Those claiming Davidic ancestry from G Y-haplogroup descend from a Hunza Valley Prince that married into the Davidic families in Sicily in the 11th century. Other claimants to Davidic ancestry belong to R1b haplotype. Some propose that the R1b Jewish ancestors are converts to Judaism. However I propose that it is in fact the J ancestors that are the converts to Judaism in the 2-3rd century BC.
J haplogroup is what I call the Assyrian-Samaritan-Saducee group. DNA studies on the Samaritans demonstrate that they are of the J haplogroup with the Cohen Modal Haplotype except for their Levite clan which is E3b. A group of Samaritans at the time of the Maccabees embraced Rabbinic Judaism and introduced the J and E haplogroups into the Jewish genetic pool. Among these Samaritans were those who claimed Cohen and Levite status. Their claims to Zadok priestly status were denied by the Essenes and many others. Zadok the priestly leader of these Tzadokim was called by the Essenes the Wicked Priest. The descendants of these priestly Tzadokim (Saducees) where influencial in Jerusalem in the first century, however the people would not allow one of them to be High Priest so they formed a priestly party around the family of Annas and Caiaphas who were of true Aaronite descent. Later one of their group in the 40’s of the first century became High Priest.
These priestly Tzadokim were connected to the Pharisee 'House of Shammai'. Shammai was also descended from these Samaritan converts who practiced a more stringent form of Judaism. The Samaritans call themselves the Shamerim (Observant Ones). It would seem that these Samaritan converts split into two groups at the time of the great Pharisee Rabbi Antigonus of Soco, one group of these Shamerim remained with the Pharisees while Zadok a Shamerim Cohen distorted Antonigus' teaching and founded the break away group of the Tzadokim. After the destruction of the Second Jewish Temple the descendants of these J and E priests and Levites continued in the diaspora to claim Cohen and Levite status. Of course this does not mean that Jews of the J and E haplogroups are not descendants of the Patriarchs – no doubt they are - through many lines of their maternal ancestries.
I believe that the Sons of Jacob-Israel belong to the R1b Y-haplogroup and that the Atlantic Modal haplotype (AMH) may include the Davidic one. R1a are the sons of Esau- Edom and this haplogroup entered the Jewish people through the Khazars who were of varied Y-haplogroups. R2 may be a group descended from the sons of Esau. I do not accept the rather fanciful datings of the evolutionists which distorts the DNA mutation rates. The mitochondrial Eve is more correctly dated to 6000-6500 years ago and the Y- Adam to 4000 years ago according to some researchers. Of course those entrenched in an evolutionist mindset will find any explanation to prop up the crumbling edifice of the philosophy called Evolution.
Being Jewish is more than paternal genetic ancestry. One is no more or less a Jew no matter what ones Y-DNA proves to be. There are many male line descendants of the Patriarch’s who are not Jewish. However one is a Hebrew if it is on one’s direct maternal line and I believe all those who have mt-DNA of mt-haplogroups H and V are direct maternal descendants of the Davidic Matriarchs. I also believe that mt-haplotypes J and T are Hebrew maternal haplogroups from among the female descendants of the matriarch’s Bilhah and Zilpah. Mt –haplogroup U and K are the descendants of the Matriarchs Leah, Dinah and Asenath (mt-haplogroup N) via Asenath's daughter called Asterope or Hesperia by the Greeks and her seven daughters called the Hesperides. Mt-haplogroup I may be from Ruth the Moabitess via Queen Esther. Ruth was also a maternal descendant of Dinah. Asenath had seven daughters who each had 7 daughters - this maternal line clan were called the Daughters of Dinah (Dana/Don/Danaan/Diana/Dione). Through these maternal clans of Dinah a large portion of the world's population is descended from the matriarch's of Israel.
Looking at the DNA evidence has revealed that some of my previous ideas about the identities of the Lost Tribes (R1b) to be mistaken and the genetic evidence seems to confirm an Edomite identity (R1a)in Europe more widespread than I thought especially in Eastern Europe. The evidence seems to confirm much of the ideas of the Jewish organisation called Brit-am except that Spain and Portugal are basically genetically Israelite nations which confirms my own ideas and not those of Brit-am. It is possible that R1b1c9 (U106) is a group of Ephraimite or Zebulonite ancestry. R1b1c7 (M222) may be a Davidic clan as my genealogical research demonstrates that Niall of the Nine hostages is of Davidic ancestry through Joseph of Arimathea. R1b1c10 (U152) may be a Levite or Judaite clan. R1b1c6 (M167/SYR2627) possibly a Benjaminite or Simeonite or Judahite clan. Y-Haplogroup I is closely related to J and is an Assyrian haplogroup originating in the North of ancient Assyria. According to Velikovsky the Assyrians went into Europe. Hopefully further research and testing will led to a future identification of all the tribes of Israel. When the ridiculously long datings of the haplogroups are corrected and the groups are placed in historical times many interesting discoveries may abound.
The Miraculous DNA Double Helix-like St Joseph Staircase of Santa Fe
The mystery of the DNA is connected to the mystery of St Joseph and the Teli and the Payot (taltalim). This is also connected to the concept of Jacob's ladder and the genealogical tree of the Messiah (see Blessed Anne Catharine Emmerich). The original all wood staircase in Santa Fe that reminds one of the double helix DNA did not have the railing which was added later for safety. The Teli is also spiral and the Jewish sidecurls represent this. The 'lightning flash' of the Sefirot also represent this spiral Jacob's ladder. Rabbi Abraham Abulafia speaks of the 3 reliable witnesses as the Teli, the Galgal and the Heart which are linked to the King of the Universe/Space, the Sovereign of the Year/Time and the King of the Soul (as does the "Bahir"). The evangelist St John the Beloved calls these three witnesses the spirit, water and blood. The spirit represents the soul or heart, the water the sphere (galgal)and the blood the teli. The blood here refers to the mystery of the Jacob's ladder we call DNA.
William Blake's Jacob's Ladder
Blessed Anne Catharine Emmerich writes in regards to Jacob's Ladder: ...I saw Jacob, on his journey to Mesopotamia, lying asleep on the spot where Bethel afterward stood. The sun had set. Jacob lay stretched on his back, a stone under his head, his staff resting on his arm. Then I saw the ladder that Jacob beheld in his dream, and which in the Bible is described as "standing upon the earth, and the top thereof touching heaven." I saw this ladder rising up to heaven from Jacob where he lay upon the earth. It was like a living genealogical tree of his posterity. I saw below on the earth, just as those genealogical trees are represented, a green trunk as if growing out of the sleeping Jacob. It divided into three branches which arose in the form of a triangular pyramid whose apex reached the heavens. The three branches were connected by other smaller ones that formed a three-sided pyramidal ladder. I saw this ladder surrounded by numerous apparitions. I saw on it Jacobs descendants, one above another; they formed the ancestry of Jesus according to the flesh. They often crossed over from side to side, stepping past and even before one another. Some stood back and others from the opposite side stepped before them, according as the germ of the Sacred Humanity was clouded by sin and then again purified by continence until at last the pure flower, the Holy Virgin in whom God willed to become Man appeared on the highest point of the ladder touching the heavens. I saw Heaven open above her and disclose the splendor of God. God spoke thence to Jacob..."
The Zohar also connects Jacob's Ladder to the mystery of the human body. "Soncino Zohar, Bereshith, Section 1, Page 150b - Jacob then said: THIS IS NONE OTHER THAN THE HOUSE OF GOD , implying: This is not to remain idle; its covenant is not meant to exist in isolation. It is in sooth a godly abode, to be used for the promotion of fecundity and for receiving blessing from all the bodily organs. For indeed this is THE GATE OF HEAVEN , or, in other words, the gate of the Body, the gate assuredly through which pass the blessings downwards, so that it is attached both on high and below: on high, as being the gate of heaven, and below, as being none other than the house of God."
The lightning flash of the Sefirot is also seen as the Nehushtan (bronze Serpent) which looks like a spiral staircase ascending through the spiritual worlds.
There were also spiral staircases in the Temple. One of them is mentioned in 1 Kings 6:8. Jacob's Ladder was seen as a spiral staircase for bringing Torah from Heaven to earth as the Hebrew words for ladder, spiral and Sinai are all 130 in gematria. The High Priest used to ascend one such spiral staircase from the Parvah Chamber to a mikveh where he immersed as part of his preparation for Yom Kippor. As the Temple was built in the form of the Divine Man (Adam Kadmon)on the north and south sides there were spiral staircases representing the payots (Taltalim) of the Divine Man. The braided Challah bread loaf also represents this spiral (lullim) staircase or ladder (sulam)and the Challot for Shavout is decorated on top with a ladder. Challot on Rosh haShanah are also often made in the shape of a ladder.
Added 11th May 2008: Last night while in Eucharistic Adoration I came upon this passage in the Revelations to Blessed Anne Catherine Emmerich, which confirmed what I had written about Zadok (or Sadoch)being a Samaritan. This is from The Volume 2 of the Life of Jesus Christ.
"The Jews of Giskala were on that day celebrating a feast commemorative of their deliverance from the yoke of a tyrant, the first founder of the Sadducees. He lived over two hundred years before Christ, but I have forgotten his name. He was one of the officers of the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem, and was charged to watch over the points of faith not found set down in the written Law. He had tormented the people horribly with his rigorous ideas, one of which was that no reward could be hoped from God, but that He was to be served by them as slaves serve their master. Giskala was his birthplace, but his townsmen held his memory in horror. Today's festival was a memorial rejoicing at his death. One of his disciples was from Samaria. Sadoch, who denied the dogma of the resurrection of the body, continued to promulgate the founder's doctrine. He was a pupil of Antigonus. Sadoch also had a Samaritan accomplice helping to propagate his errors." The first Sadducee that Blessed Anne Emmerich mentions but has forgotten his name is Boethus. This Zadoch is the source of the Cohen J2 y-na found among Jews and his accomplice was a Samaritan Levite the source of E y-dna among Jews. J1 among the Jewish cohanim comes from the Ishmaeli Cohanim of Second Temple Times possibly from the ancestor of the Joshua-Marhiv clan of the Samaritans or more likely from the Samaritan High priestly clan that died out in the 17th century who claimed descent from the Samaritan High Priest Ishmael (c.8th century BC).
Posted by Athol at 7:09 AM
10 comments:
This is of interest to me. I am T3 maternally and R1b3 on my father's side. My paternal line goes straight back to King Meroveus of France. My clan founder married a direct descendant of the Tamar Tephi line. Both attributed to David, I still don't want to jump to any conclusions, but good research. What makes you think science proves these sequences only go back to 6000 years ago? I like this fresh perspective.
Be careful that you are not following some line of dubious historicity.
See e.g. our:
King Solomon the Magnificent: Five Imposing Faces
http://www.academia.edu/7834070/King_Solomon_the_Magnificent_Five_Imposing_Faces
Does one need know their biological father's side of the tree to come to a conclusion??? I have my mother's side history to early 1600's
My father was adopted. He only came to know his biological family recently. His father was French, but his mother had an unusual surname that means "Son of Solomon". This has given us some questions about our ancestry and how we might best address those questions. I'm not sure if DNA testing would be beneficial, obviously we are not pure Jewish and my father's parents have been dead for some time. I doubt there would be any records that would be helpful in determining ancestry that far removed. We were able to determine that my father's grandparents on his dad's side immigrated to the U.S. from France in the 1880's. We know almost nothing about my grandmother, and we think she is the one who may be descended from Solomon.
I am of the alleged "Davidic Line" through both my mother and my father. Indeed I may have more "Davidic" ancestry than any living person since Rashi appears as my direct ancestor through about twenty different family tree lines so far, through both my mother and my far.
So let me say that the entire "Davidic line" business has become a scam, and the DNA proves it. This article proposes that J1 or J2 or G2 or R1b may be the Davidic line. It fails to mention E1b1b, which has been shown credibly to be the haplogroup of the Rashi-Spira line and indeed is my own Y haplogroup.
Adding E1b1b to the proposals, that gives five contenders WHICH ARE LIKELY THE ONLY FIVE ORIGINAL JUDAIC Y HAPLOGROUPS FROM 3,000 YEARS AGO! In other words, the "Davidic haplogroup" has been narrowed down to all the haplogroups that Jews took from the Levant. This of course is all nonsense.
David was almost not a real person. He was a character created by biblical authors in order to unite the Jewish people, which ought to be obvious from the Goliath fable. There are no artifacts that reliably attest to the reality of a David, and if a David did exist, he was a polytheistic Canaanite king. We would have to credit Baal with ensuring his victory over Goliath.
Dayenu. Enough. DNA studies should not be used this way. Let's figure out or family relations to each other and let the mythical kings rest in story books.
As a lawyer/ barrister in 8 countries, UK CA, genealogy major for 5 years working on a 3rd PhD and having attended several ivy league schools. I'm near 50 years old and wanted to share my story.
https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10230924129740414&set=a.3861834058008
Updates
1. The 1620 map of Jamaica was provided by my Scottish based researchers from the Scottish government archives.
2. I now have the official official print of the Moors Quadrille painting 1706 showing 4 black European kings and princes on horseback performing in black Poland/ black Warsaw in 1706.
Europe was black in the 1700s.
3. Some racist people have an issue with the color black. The global pop was under 700m in the 1700s and don't forget over 200 million blacks were killed over last 400 years [majority by the ruling classes of black nobles of Europe ]. The planet added 7.5 billion from AD 1800 when the whitewahers commenced their work mid 1800s.....so I can say planet was pink in 1700s and still be right. Planet has always been black. Deal with it.
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
When you look at the 1620 map of Jamaica 🇯🇲 before Kingston was named all Scottish cities like Fort William named. Places my dad and grandad were born, sang oldest Jacobite songs with not 1 record of slavery or link to Africa only Scotland. I am managing 80 DNA kits / opened a few graves / finding more Hebrew Haplogroup Es are matching up to Scotland and Euro matches vs Haplogroup Rs . My Polish wife's family are Hs and Rs all from the Caucasus region and DNA tied to modern Jews non Hebrews also Rs with mix of some Js and Is. They also match up with western Rs who also hail from the Caucasus. Oxford University is coming out with a new earth shattering book this fall to change the way we examine history / black history. Africans may be black but most if not all blacks who were the real American Indians are not African. Blacks lived in Europe and America for over 2000 years. I love my Indian mum and Polish wife of 19 years dearly but they both have humble roots in the CAUCASUS region just 300 years ago when the planet was black when the population was 600 million. Have a read of Ben Franklin's essay on the increase of mankind 1751 paragraph 24 on all black planet.
MENA region which I visited last week is a recent creation [ie people were a lot darker 200 years ago]]]. When I walked the streets they called me blue man / berber and Roman as I am a black man .
Hard to imagine MENA is a new creation. I was in Algeria and Tunisia and asked when was this town hall installed ....this church etc They told me ohhh in the early 1900s.. imagine the planet added 6.5 billion people from 1.7b souls alive at the end of the Victorian age in 1900. In 1800 AD after Ben wrote his essay we had 700m people on planet. Fact check away. Meanwhile over 200 million blacks mostly poor aboriginal real black Indians and black Euromoors of lower classes died over
Part 2- WGM
400 years ago. If those people lived we would be way past 12 billion and whites of that figure 3 percent ?
On the elites and those in power ask them to do a DNA test from the real Rothschilds power barons to all royal family males. I guarantee haplo E berber will be dominant. Same haplo all Egyptian kings Einstein , President Wilson, Wright Brothers, Napoleon and even Hitler all Es. They look white on outside but look under the hood. For me poked into graves St Clairs others all haplogroup Es. As elite euromoors why give up power? Why give up power ?? For another day !!
The Black nobility fell in the early 1800s so we have to question that phase of history. Cold facts are of 8.2 billion people alive using the 1 drop rule and UN and CIA reports only 5 percent are considered white and least melenated. So all of history cannot be accurate and we don't need Putin to tell us about black Russian icons and blackness of Jesus and Bible figures. Look at the oldest churches in the world including Poland....all have black Madonnas with child. Why?
Look at my Facebook background the painting is called the Moors Quadrille painted in Poland in 1706. I spoke with the Dresden Germany museum of Ethnology and they will sell me an official print. For some reason this is not on public display... .hmmmm naughty people. This painting shows all black kings of Europe including Poland King Augustus strong in blue third from left and far right Karl Gustav prince of Sweden....and on left all German Princes black as can be on horseback with their names in German language under each rider in 1706. Backs up what Ben Franklin the freemason and founding father had to say.
Another good book to read by Dr John Johnson the Negro Rulers of Scotland and the British Isles. He got access to hidden paintings within Holyroodhouse . He was a pastor and US marine.....exciting James Bond stuff. All Stuart and English kings were black up to modern era and after mad King George III. Napoleon from love letters was black and President Washington as well described in some of my books as a swarthy Huguenot. My 2 cents and sorry for startling but think about the population numbers a 5 year old child can grasp that if the planet is 8.2 billion and only 5 pct is a certain color depicted in very old 1000 year old paintings Houston we got a problem.
Reflection on my time in Morocco Algeria and Tunisia. We visited Carthage and people showed maximum respect calling me Roman and Berber blue man. Hey did you see Roman wall in Cardiff Wales? All black negro men not African just Romans carved in rock. Was there 4 weeks ago. Was also in Skye Highlands of Scotland and in summer it was freezing 🥶 cold. Makes me wonder what would drive a grown man passing through rock huts in Glen Coe to wear a kilt with his privates exposed to freezing cold ....yikes ...not for me.
Back to North Africa....so I was in the 45 C / over 100 F summer heat . Chilling and wearing black. So extra hot but cool. The white tourists were literally dying and the cruise co organized trip early morning to accommodate but we ran late and I was fine in burning sun as a black man. Tour guide said before genetically modified crops they even mixed race middle east people cannot and could not eat Roman wheat because of very high gluten. I said honey child I can eat wheat bread all day long and so can all the Blacks I know. We are not bothered by bread at all. I saw over 200 statues of Roman carvings with noses and lips removed .....so typical for those evil historians hiding black history. But from jaw lines and face you can tell these were black people . Then you saw some new marble figures and you can tell they were newer pieces from wear tear. I asked and guides were
Part 3 WGM
kind to point out those were recently installed. So I could be a Roman as they were black people. Saw frescos of blacks and took photos. Like Egypt we are all caught up with modern color we forget it took a lot of manual hours in hot sun to make those structures of old. No sun screen ....they were black folk too. Stay blessed and I am 10pct white . I take no sides and honor all my heritage. Seeking truth and don't be put off when I claim Scotland. We all can do more just put aside your bias please. Open your minds.
Reflection on that made up Trans Atlantic slave trade story. Why take sand to the beach? So many blacks to enslave in West aka real black Indians no need to take millions from Africa. A black Columbus could barely afford his trip 1492 and had to use prisoners who almost killed him before God brought them to San Salvador Bahamas 🇧🇸 1492 . Think cargo ships only built in 1800s how did Africans get to America on someone's head lol ? Sailboats ? No weight....water leaks remember acronym S.H.I.T. ship high in transit manure because these boats leaked. Taking slaves feeding them??? No antibiotics? No clean air 3 to 4 months ? All would be dead inside 2 weeks.
Think please and use your heart ❤️ to accept we all need a new history book. Look with favor your black forefathers within a human time-frame of 6024 years to black Adam and Eve ( even if the actual planet is 1 billion years old ) and let's try to chart a new future with the truth in hand and acceptance of our past as humans. No more lies and no more fake whitewashed museum paintings prior to AD 1800 and no more white Jesus please. Shalom and God bless.
Please follow me on FB, Twitter, BlueSky, Instagram etc.
You can read the 18 books of Dr. Marie Charles who has identified millions of primary sources establishing blacks in Europe in the last 300 to 500 years. Read the Ben Franklin Essay on the Increase of Mankind 1751 confirming an all black planet - save for 1 to 5 % of whites linked to the Caucasus, and other books- Dr. Nathaniel Jeanson and his book TRACED confirming the E haplo is the oldest and older than A to D and are all Bible haplos. Read the Negro Rulers of Scotland and the British Isles by late Dr John Johnson who was a PhD in Theology and a military man who got access to the Holyroodhouse in Scotland which has buried art on black kings of Europe and UK over the last 1200 years, and images of the hairy white men of the Caucasus. The British Museum has similar hidden art and one of the whistleblowers in Germany alerted me to the Moors Quadrille 1706 painting on my Facebook wall showing all 4 black kings of Europe covering countries like UK , France and Germany.
As a black Hebrew i am shocked that I was never considered to be one by the Jewish owned DNA companies until i went outside and imported my haplo E results back into the system- www.yfull.com and other sites.
Why do Jews today trace on their maternal side when the Bible deals only with the male lineage?
Page 4 WGM
Why is it illegal to commercially test in Israel, like France and several Middle Eastern countries etc?
What is being hidden from the public ?
If everyone was white and haplogroup R in Bible times why dont we have more than 5 to 8 percent whites today out of 8.2 billion people?
Why are so many images defaced around the planet? In North Africa i counted over 300 such images with lips and noses removed?
Why is Jesus/ Yeshua painted white when we all know he was never white or even looked like the people of MENA today who cannot eat Roman wheat and cant bear the hot sun????????? They called me Berber blue man as i reminded them of their ancestors?
How do you explain high degree of haplo E results found in very old graves in the Caribbean- some of them i opened to conduct testing ?
How do you explain the detailed descriptions given of wild and white hairy men living in the Caucasus and Ural Mountains of Asia just 300 to 500 years ago?
“Even more interesting is how the Moors described their Caucasus linked foes: Sa-id of Andalusia (1029-1071) [FIRST EDITION--------- NOTE ] wrote the following of his White Iberian opponents:(T)hey “are nearer animals than men … They are by nature unthinking and their manners crude. Their bellies protrude; their color is white and their hair is long. In sharpness and delicacy of spirit and in intellectual perspicacity, they are nil. Ignorance, lack of reasoning power and boorishness are common among them.”(Kitab Tabakat al Umaxn (Blachere K. p. 36. 1935).
Graeco-Roman Ancients unequivocally describe the Moors as black skinned:
“And I have heard this man say that beyond the country which he ruled there was no habitation of men, but desert land extending to a great distance, and that beyond that there are men, not black-skinned like the Moors, but very white in body and fair-haired. So much, then, for these things.” Procopius. History of the Wars, Books III and IV / The Vandalic War (Kindle Locations 1921-1923).”
Page 5 WGM
We need new history books and blacks/ melanated people in the bottom 92 to 95 percent will not accept this GARBAGE any longer telling us we are just Africans. Yes we all came out of mother Africa but most over 2000 years ago exited.
Why is Africa shown at a fraction of its actual size on a modern map of the world?
Why do countries exploit and Africa is not owned by blacks or by Africans? France is bragging they make Euro 500 billion per year off of Africa.
Why cant you find solid remains of the so called 15.000 ships taking Africans to the West when cargo boats/ ships were only used from the 1800s and not before so who built the new world before the 1800s? Of course those were real black indians and not red who came from Mongolia.
Why cant you find any Western village or community to this day which speaks an African language or dialect?
How do you explain God- (black God) created man in his image when the natural color of dirt without the presence of metals/ minerals is dark brown/black ? Did God make man from snow ??
How do you explain blacks have no animal DNA being mankind but other races have animal admixtures? Have you seen a monkey's lips? Thin not thick. The hair of a monkey is straight not curly. Shave a monkey and no melanin is found beneath - melanin is a biochemical a living thing from God worth more per ounce than gold.
How do you explain with no recessive genes for the other races- a black man or woman mates with another member of a different race and the child comes out looking more black and you can see the changes taking place each year , each month sometimes . I am mixed myself and my kids are mixed.
Why do blacks age less, wrinkle less, keep their teeth, have higher bone density, are naturally stronger pound for pound, can tolerate the sunlight, are generally universal blood donors- type O like i am ?
We have major issues with our whitewashed history. Time to fixe all of it.
Dr McDonald- a true haplo E, true Mcdonald, Scot, Berber, Pict, Hebrew, Jew, true citizen of the ancient and modern world, who happened sometime over the course of 5000 to 6000 year history to be linked to Africa but today is not AFRICAN !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! And all my haplo E cousins are white men - basically black men in white skin !
Post a Comment